๐General Science
Short Questions
- What are ecological pyramids?
- What is predation?
- Differentiate between: (a) oxygen and carbon cycle (b) food chain and food web
- Write any one of the solution of environmental problems?
- Name some of the factors which can cause ecological influence?
- Write the functions of midbrain, hypothalamus and spinal cord.
- Differentiate between: (a) Receptors and effectors (b) Neuron and nerve (c) Sensory neuron and motor neuron (d) Cerebrum and cerebellum
- Write a note on the central nervous system.
- What is the primary source of genetic variation?
- Plants are adapted to their environment. Give examples.
- What is difference between variations and adaptations?
- What is a gene?
- Define heredity and describe its importance in transferring of characteristics from parents to offspring.
- Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis.
- What is the structure of DNA?
- What is biotechnology?
- Name at least two life saving products of biotechnology?
- Write the application of biotechnology in (a) agriculture (b) health (c) food production?
- What is meant by a period in the Periodic Table?
- What is meant by a group in the Periodic Table?
- Define element?
- What do you mean by an atomic number?
- How many electrons are there in the valence shell of H?
- Define a chemical reaction?
- What are reactants?
- What are products?
- What is a chemical equation?
- State the law of conservation of mass?
- Differentiate between: a. Balanced chemical equation and unbalanced chemical equation b. Exothermic reactions and endothermic reactions
- Complete and balance the following incomplete equations: (i) Mg + O₂(g) → (ii) CH₄(g) + O₂(g) → (iii) Fe + S → (iv) N₂(g) + H₂(g) → (v) Na + Cl₂(g) →
- Balance the following equations: (i) CaCO₃ + HCl → CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O (ii) NaBr + Cl₂ → NaCl + Br₂ (iii) Fe + O₂ → Fe₂O₃ (iv) NH₄OH + H₂SO₄ → (NH₄)₂SO₄ + H₂O (v) Zn + HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂
- Write at least two examples of the following chemical reactions: (i) Combination reaction (ii) Decomposition reaction (iii) Exothermic reaction (iv) Endothermic reaction
- How do the following reactants react together? Write down complete reactions and balance the resulting equations: (i) Iron + Hydrochloric acid (ii) Calcium oxide + Carbon dioxide (iii) Carbon monoxide + Oxygen (iv) Methane + Oxygen (v) Carbon dioxide + Water
- Define an acid?
- Name three mineral acids?
- State three properties of acids?
- Mention the uses of two salts in industries?
- Name a salt which can reduce the acidity in our stomach?
- What happens when a salt like copper sulphate reacts with water?
- Is soda water acidic or basic?
- Which alkali is commonly used to open a drain?
- Write down the chemical equation showing the reaction of ammonia and water?
- How is litmus solution prepared?
- Can a balanced force produce change in motion?
- How can a normal force be balanced?
- Does a car slowing down experience a balanced force?
- Define pressure?
- If two forces act in the opposite directions on an object, what will be the net force acting on it?
- Write the difference between (a) transmission and absorption (b) reflection and refraction?
- State the laws of reflection?
- What is the dispersion of white light? What is the cause of such dispersion?
- Name the process which is involved in the formation of a rainbow. Which two conditions are necessary for the formation of rainbow?
- Describe applications and uses of spherical mirrors in daily life?
- Give examples of refraction in daily life?
- Name three types of mirrors about which you have studied, and state the characteristics of the image formed in each one of them?
- Give three examples of the followings: (a) magnetic materials (b) non-magnetic materials
- Define the following: (a) Electric current (b) Electrical circuit (c) Magnetic field (d) Electromagnet
- Describe with the help of diagram: (a) Closed circuit (b) Open circuit
- What is the basic working principle? (a) Electric bell (b) Loud speaker
- Give three examples of electromagnetic devices in daily life?
- What does UPS stand for?
- Which of the plastic and bio-plastic is environment friendly?
- What is the role of glycerol in making bio-plastic from starch?
- Which energy is converted into electricity by a wind turbine?
- What is a concave mirror?
- What is the difference between a soap and a detergent?
- How bioplastic is good for healthy environment?
- What is a galaxy? What are its main types?
- Describe the birth and death of a star.
- Describe the formation of a neutron star.
- What is the advantage of putting telescope in space?
- What does GPS stand for?
- What is the device that make far away objects appear closer to see its detail?
- Describe the various benefits generated by technology of space exploration.
- What is a space probe? Name at least two space probes.
- What is the main differences between an optical telescope and a radio-telescope?
- What is a space station? Write its benefits.
- What is a black hole? Can it be seen?
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 3
CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 5
CHAPTER 6
CHAPTER 7
CHAPTER 8
CHAPTER 9
CHAPTER 10
CHAPTER 11
CHAPTER 12
Long Questions
- How carbon and oxygen cycles are helpful for the environment?
- Is the Sun the main source of energy for life on the Earth? Explain.
- What would be the effect of overhunting?
- What would happen if we will not work to reduce global warming?
- Why do the producers occupy the base of the pyramid?
- Hypothesize what would happen in the ecosystem if the population of one of the species is affected?
- Write the name of that part of brain (forebrain, midbrain or hindbrain) which is controlling this activity: 1. Sleeping 2. Brushing your teeth 3. Taking the breakfast 4. Balancing your body 5. Taking deep breath
- Gametes are haploid cells. What do you think would happen if the gametes forming a zygote are diploid?
- An injury on a person's body needs more and more cells for the repair of his body. What type of cell division do you think will provide more and more cells for his body repair?
- How can biotechnology be helpful in agriculture?
- Find out which biotechnological products you are using in your daily life?
- Find out in the history where pandemic was controlled by vaccines?
- Investigate how the biotechnology has brought revolution in the field of health?
- Oxygen is a non-metallic element. (a) What is the atomic number of oxygen? (b) In which group of the Periodic Table, oxygen is located? (c) In which period of the Periodic Table, oxygen is located? (d) How many electrons are required by oxygen atom to complete its valence shell? (e) State any two uses of oxygen in daily life.
- Sodium is a metallic element. (a) What is the symbol of sodium? (b) What is the atomic number of sodium? (c) In which period of the Periodic Table, sodium is located? (d) What is the group number of sodium in the Periodic Table? (e) Name the family of metals to which sodium belongs?
- Name the members of the following families in the Periodic Table? (a) Alkali metals (b) Alkaline earth metals (c) Halogens (d) Noble gases
- Name the element having same period number and group number?
- Relate the following properties of metals with their uses in daily life. (a) Conductance of heat (b) Conductance of electricity (c) Malleability and ductility (d) Hardness (e) Lustre
- Why the chemical properties of the elements present in a group are similar?
- Why is mercury used in the thermometer measure the body temperature?
- Magnesium and Calcium are kept in the same group of the Periodic Table. Explain why?
- How combination and decomposition reactions are related to each other?
- Why the mass of ash obtained when a piece of coal is burnt is less than the mass of coal?
- How electricity is generated with the help of an exothermic reaction?
- How will you notice whether a chemical reaction has taken place upon mixing the reactants?
- Which metal when ignited in the presence of air gives off intense light?
- How does photosynthesis demonstrate the law of conservation of mass? Explain with specific examples from the reaction.
- Describe how are salts useful for the human body?
- What happens when: (i) magnesium reacts with dilute HCl? (ii) sodium hydrogen carbonate reacts with dilute H₂SO₄? (iii) copper oxide reacts with dilute sulphuric acid? (iv) sodium reacts with chlorine?
- Why are the aqueous solutions of NaHCO₃ and Na₂CO₃ basic in nature?
- How does the soil become acidic?
- Sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) molecule can give two protons in water whereas hydrochloric acid molecule can give only one proton. Does that mean sulphuric acid is twice as strong acids as hydrochloric acid?
- Indicate in front of your audience the acid and the base which have been used to prepare them: Calcium sulphate, Sodium hydrogen sulphate, Magnesium nitrate, Ammonium oxalate, Sodium potassium tartrate, Ferric chloride
- Keeping in view the definitions of acids and bases why water is called a universal solvent?
- Suppose your garden soil is acidic and you want to grow vegetables which do not grow very well in an acidic soil. How will you make your soil fit for growing vegetables?
- Give acid, tartaric acid and acetic acid are used in food items whereas hydrochloric and sulphuric acid are very dangerous for health. Give reason.
- Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) is used as baking soda. Can potassium bicarbonate (KHCO₃) be used for baking soda?
- Which common salt of copper is used to kill fungus and algae in plants and trees?
- Why common salt found in some regions is pink in colour?
- With the help of pH paper test the following liquids: Milk, cooking oil, lemon juice, sugar solution, and vinegar
- Does the size of an object affect its ability to float or sink?
- How will you use two identical prisms so that a narrow beam of white light incident on one prism emerges out of the second prism as white light?
- Explain the phenomenon taking into consideration that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection?
- Why the rainbow is not seen at noon even there is Sun in the sky and moisture in the air?
- Why dispersion can take place from prism but not through a glass slab?
- What does make the black words written on paper visible to you?
- What is electric switch? How it causes an electric circuit? (a) Open (b) Close
- How can a dimmer switch make the same light bulb appear dim or bright?
- Which type of electric circuit is used in our home supply: Series circuit or parallel circuit and give reasons of your choice?
- What is DC/AC inverter? Describe its importance.
- Scale the energy conversions in the following: Solar Cooker, Windmills, Electric Motor, UPS
- Why are detergents considered as more useful than soaps in everyday life?
- Why is an ordinary plastic bag not biodegradable but bioplastic is biodegradable?
- The advantages and disadvantages of UPS technology.
- Which other naturally occurring material apart from starch and banana you will use to prepare bioplastic?
- Which detergent is used in dry cleaning of woolen clothes?
- What are advantages of space telescopes such as Hubble and James Webb over the giant telescopes on the Earth's surface?
- What are the problems faced by the Astronauts on space missions? How do they overcome these problems?
- What is gravity free environment? How can it be achieved?
- Why cannot we see the heavenly object 'black hole' directly by any telescope?
- Comment on public opinion that: 'Huge spending on space exploration is extravaganza'.
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 3
CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 5
CHAPTER 6
CHAPTER 7
CHAPTER 8
CHAPTER 9
CHAPTER 10
CHAPTER 11
CHAPTER 12
Administrator: SADIA ANWAR Assistant: KHADIJA AHMED
Time Allowed: ?
Total Marks: ?
Syllabus: ?
Institute: ?
INSTRUCTONS
*Note: Write answers neatly and in sequence.Use black or blue pen only.
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