📘Physics
Short Questions
- Can a non-physical quantity be measured? If yes, then how?
- What is measurement? Name its two parts.
- Why do we need a standard unit for measurements?
- Write the name of 3 base quantities and 3 derived quantities.
- Which SI unit will you use to express the height of your desk?
- Write the name and symbols of all SI base units.
- Why prefix is used? Name three sub-multiple and three multiple prefixes with their symbols.
- What is meant by: (a) 5 pm (b) 15 ns (c) 6 μm (d) 5 fs
- (a) For what purpose, a Vernier Callipers is used? (b) Name its two main parts. (c) How is least count found? (d) What is meant by zero error?
- State least count and Vernier scale reading as shown in the figure and hence, find the length.
- Which reading out of A, B and C shows the correct length and why?
- Define scalar and vector quantities.
- Give 5 examples each for scalar and vector quantities.
- State head-to-tail rule for addition of vectors.
- What are distance-time graph and speed-time graph?
- Falling objects near the Earth have the same constant acceleration. Does this imply that a heavier object will fall faster than a lighter object?
- The vector quantities are sometimes written in scalar notation (not bold face). How is the direction indicated?
- A body is moving with uniform speed. Will its velocity be uniform? Give reason.
- Is it possible for a body to have acceleration? When moving with: (i) constant velocity (ii) constant speed
- What kind of changes in motion may be produced by a force?
- Give 5 examples of contact forces.
- An object moves with constant velocity in free space. How long will the object continue to move with this velocity?
- Define impulse of force.
- Why has not Newton's first law been proved on the Earth?
- When sitting in a car which suddenly accelerates from rest, you are pushed back into the seat, why?
- The force expressed in Newton's second law is a net force. Why is it so?
- How can you show that rolling friction is lesser than the sliding friction?
- Define terminal velocity of an object.
- An astronaut walking in space wants to return to his spaceship by firing a hand rocket. In what direction does he fire the rocket?
- Define like and unlike parallel forces.
- What are rectangular components of a vector and their values?
- What is the line of action of a force?
- Define moment of a force. Prove that τ = rF sinθ, where θ is angle between r and F.
- With the help of a diagram, show that the resultant force is zero but the resultant torque is not zero.
- Identify the state of equilibrium in each case in the figure given below.
- Give an example of the body which is moving yet in equilibrium.
- Define centre of mass and centre of gravity of a body.
- What are two basic principles of stability in physics which are applied in designing balancing toys and racing cars?
- How can you prove that the centripetal force always acts perpendicular to velocity?
- What is the work done on an object that remains at rest when a force is applied on it?
- A slow-moving car may have more kinetic energy than a fast-moving motorcycle. How is this possible?
- A force F1 does 5 J of work in 10 s. Another force F2 does 3 J of work in 5 s. Which force delivers greater power?
- A woman runs up a flight of stairs. The gain in her gravitational potential energy is 4500 J. If she runs up the same stairs with twice the speed, what will be her gain in potential energy?
- Define work and its SI unit.
- What is the potential energy of a body of mass m when it is raised through a height h?
- Find an expression for the kinetic energy of a moving body.
- Define efficiency of a working system. Why a system cannot have 100% efficiency?
- What is power? Define the unit used for it.
- Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable energy sources.
- Why heavy animals like an elephant have a large area of the foot?
- Why animals like deer who run fast have a small area of the foot?
- Why is it painful to walk bare footed on pebbles?
- State Pascal's law. Give an application of Pascal's law.
- State what do you mean by elasticity of a solid.
- What is Hooke's law? Does an object remain elastic beyond elastic limit? Give reason.
- Distinguish between force and pressure.
- What is the relationship between liquid pressure and the depth of the liquid?
- What is the basic principle to measure the atmospheric pressure by a simple mercury barometer?
- State the basic principle used in the hydraulic brake system of the automobiles.
- Why solids have a fixed volume and shape according to particle theory of matter?
- What are the reasons that gases have neither a fixed volume nor a fixed shape?
- Compare the spacing of molecules in the solid, liquid and gaseous state.
- What is the effect of raising the temperature of a liquid?
- What is meant by temperature of a body?
- Define heat as 'energy in transit'.
- What is meant by thermometric property of a substance? Enlist some thermometric properties.
- State the main scales used for the measurement of temperature.
- What is meant by sensitivity of a thermometer?
- What do you mean by the linearity of a thermometer?
- What makes the scale reading of a thermometer accurate?
- What does determine the direction of heat flow?
- Distinguish between the heat and internal energy.
- When you touch a cold surface, does cold travel from the surface to your hand or does energy travel from your hand to cold surface?
- Can you feel your fever by touching your own forehead? Explain.
- What are temporary and permanent magnets?
- Define magnetic field of a magnet.
- What are magnetic lines of force?
- Name some uses of permanent magnets and electromagnets.
- What are magnetic domains?
- Which type of magnetic field is formed by a current-carrying long coil?
- Differentiate between paramagnetic and diamagnetic materials.
- State in your own words, what is science? Write its two main groups.
- What is Physics all about? Name some of its branches.
- What is meant by interdisciplinary fields? Give a few examples.
- List the main steps of scientific method.
- What is a hypothesis? Give an example.
- Distinguish between a theory and a law of Physics.
- What is the basis of laser technology?
- What is falsifiability concept? How is it important?
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 3
CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 5
CHAPTER 6
CHAPTER 7
CHAPTER 8
CHAPTER 9
Long Questions
- What is meant by base and derived quantities? Give the names and symbols of SI base units.
- Give three examples of derived unit in SI. How are they derived from base units? Describe briefly.
- State the similarities and differences between Vernier Callipers and micrometer screw gauge.
- Identity and explain the reasons for human errors, random errors and systematic errors in experiments.
- Differentiate between precision and accuracy of a measurement with examples.
- How a vector can be represented graphically? Explain.
- Differentiate between: (i) rest and motion (ii) speed and velocity
- Describe different types of motion. Also give examples.
- Explain the difference between distance and displacement.
- What do gradients of distance-time graph and speed-time graph represent? Explain it by drawing diagrams.
- Prove that the area under speed-time graph is equal to the distance covered by an object.
- How equations of motion can be applied to the bodies moving under the action of gravity?
- Explain the concept of force by practical examples.
- Describe Newton's laws of motion.
- Define momentum and express Newton's 2nd law of motion in terms of change in momentum.
- State and explain the principle of conservation of momentum.
- Describe the motion of a block on a table taking into account the friction between the two surfaces. What is the static friction and kinetic friction?
- Explain the effect of friction on the motion of vehicles in context of tyre surface and braking force.
- Explain the principle of moments with an example.
- Describe how could you determine the centre of gravity of an irregular shaped lamina experimentally.
- State and explain two conditions of equilibrium.
- How the stability of an object can be improved? Give a few examples to support your answer.
- What is meant by kinetic energy? State its unit. Describe how it is determined.
- State the law of conservation of energy. Explain it with the help of an example of a body falling from certain height in terms of its potential energy and kinetic energy.
- Differentiate between renewable and non renewable sources of energy. Give three examples for each.
- Explain what is meant by efficiency of a machine. How is it calculated? Why there is a limit for the efficiency of a machine?
- Describe the process of electricity generation by drawing a block diagram of the process in the following cases. (i) Hydroelectric power generations (ii) Fossil fuels
- What is Hooke's law? Give three applications of this law.
- Describe the working and applications of a simple mercury barometer and a manometer.
- Describe Pascal's Law. State its applications with examples.
- On what factors the pressure of a liquid in a container depend? How is it determined?
- Explain that atmosphere exerts pressure. What are its applications? Give at least three examples.
- Describe the main points of particle theory of matter which differentiate solids, liquids and gases.
- What is temperature? How is it measured? Describe briefly the construction of a mercury-in-glass thermometer.
- Compare the three scales used for measuring temperature.
- What is meant by sensitive, range and linearity of thermometers? Explain with examples.
- Explain, how the parameters mentioned in question 7.4 are improved in the structure of liquid-in-glass thermometer.
- How can you identify whether an object is a magnet or a magnetic material?
- Describe the strength of a magnetic field in terms of magnetic lines of force. Explain it by drawing a few diagrams for the fields as examples.
- What is a circuit breaker? Describe its working with the help of a diagram.
- A magnet attracts only a magnet. Explain the statement.
- Differentiate between paramagnetic, diamagnetic and ferromagnetic materials with reference to the domain theory.
- Why ferromagnetic materials are suitable for making magnets?
- What are the main branches of Physics? State briefly.
- What is meant by interdisciplinary fields of Physics? Give three examples.
- What is scientific method? Describe its main steps with examples.
- Differentiate the terms, science, technology and engineering with examples.
- What is the scope of Physics in everyday life? Give some examples.
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 3
CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 5
CHAPTER 6
CHAPTER 7
CHAPTER 8
CHAPTER 9
Administrator: SADIA ANWAR Assistant: KHADIJA AHMED
Time Allowed: ?
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INSTRUCTONS
*Note: Write answers neatly and in sequence.Use black or blue pen only.
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